UTILIZATION OF WASTE BIOMASS BRIQUETTES udAS SUBSTITUTION OF KEROSENE IN STERILIZATION PROCESS udOF AURICULARIA SP. PLANTING MEDIA

摘要

This research aims to study the characteristics of biomass briquette of waste planting udmedium in the sterilization process of their as a substitute for kerosene. This research udalso to evaluate the utilization of biomass briquettes in the sterilization process, the udperformance of water vapor quality in the autoclaf and the combustion efficiency of udbiomass briquettes. The process of sterilization is one of the important stages in the udcultivation process of ear mushroom (Auricularia sp.) in order to make inactive udmicrobes, whether bacteria, fungi and viruses that can disrupt the growth of mushrooms. udThe process of sterilization required heat energy source to produce vapor temperature udabove 100 udoudC. Before the subsidized kerosene withdrawn from the market, mushroom udfarmers using kerosene fuel. But, currently musroomfarmers use firewood as a source udof heat in the sterilization process of ear mushroom planting medium. The research was udconducted by briquetting waste of mushroom plantingmedium with dimemsion diameter ud5 cm and height 5 cm by using a hydraulic jack. udThe adhesive material (binder) used molasses with concentration 5-10%. While the udautoclaf model for sterilization process is cylinder type with diameter 80 cm and height ud120 cm. The autoclaf used steel plate width 3 mm that can restrain high vapor pressure. udThe biomass briquettes of mushroom planting medium waste was used as fuel for udsterilization process in the autoclaf model. The autoclaf model was equipped with udpressure relief, pressure gauge and thermometer gauge. udThe results of this research showed that the calorific value of biomass briquettes at ud2224 kcal/kg. The caloric value of this biomass briquettes was lower than caloric value udof kerosene at 9000 kcal/kg. Consider the Boiling Water Test method was obtained the udrate of combustion of biomass waste briquettes at 40 gr/min. Measurement of flame udtemperature on the center of the fire produced flame temperatures above 1200 udoudC. The udamount of biomass waste briquettes that needed in one work day (8 hours) reached ud19,2 kg. The thermal efficiency of the burning process of biomass waste briquette on the udfurnace was 14%. The thermal efficiency of the burning process of biomass waste udbriquette on the furnace was 14%. The steam temperature in the model autoclaf udreached 105 udoudC.