A PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDY ON THE ID VERSUS THE SUPEREGO AS REFLECTED IN “THE MYSTERIOUS STRANGER”, A NOVELLA BY MARK TWAIN AND ITS IMPLICATION ON TEACHING READING IN SMA.

摘要

This research is based on the reason that there is a close relationshipudbetween psychology and character description. Therefore the researcher isudintended to study the relationship between the characters of The MysteriousudStranger and types of personality in psychoanalysis proposed by Sigmund Freud.udThe study is also intended to find its implication for teaching reading to SMAudstudents. To focus the research, two basic problem statements are put forward,udthey are: 1) What psychological personalities are found in the novella, 2) How areudthe id and the superego clash in the novella. Grounded on the problem statements,udthe objectives of this study are: 1) To find out the psychological personalities inudthe novella, 2) To describe the clash between the id and the superego in theudnovella.udThis research is a type of descriptive qualitative research which is intendedudto analyze the clash between the id and the superego in Mark Twain’s novellaudentitled “The Mysterious Stranger”, as experienced by some characters of theudnovella namely; the boys, Satan, Father Peter, the astrologer, Marget and Ursula.udThis study uses psychological approach and takes the psychoanalysis theory fromudSigmund Freud. In this theory, there are three layers of personality: the id, the egoudand the superego. This theory is used to guide the analysis of characters’ conflicts.udIn this research, the researcher only uses sample which is takenudpurposively. The primary data of this study are taken from the novella based onudthe theory of the id and the superego. This research does not use the secondaryuddata because this study only uses making conceptual coherence to ascertain theudquality of the data. The instrument that is used in this study is the novella. In thisudresearch, the process of analyzing the data uses interactive model proposed byudMiles and Huberman.udThe findings of the research are consisting two problems. Firstly, the id isudrepresented by Satan and the astrologer while the superego is represented by theudboys, Father Peter, Marget and Ursula. Secondly, the conflict between the id andudthe superego is reflected in different events and among different characters. The idudversus the superego is reflected between Satan and the boys with Satan as theudwinner, between the boys and Father Peter with The boys as the winner, betweenudFather Peter and the astrologer with the astrologer as the winner, between Satanudand Ursula with Satan as the winner, between Satan and Marget with Satan as theudwinner. So the id is the winner and the superego as the loser.udThe result of the study can improve the understanding in analyzing audnovella through psychological approach, and for the other researchers, it can beudused as reference to get better comprehension and improvement for their research.ud