A descriptive analysis of phonological features of udamerican black english in the film the grapes of wrath ud (sociolinguistics approach)

摘要

This research is intended to answer the problem statements, namely: 1) udWhat kinds of Black American phonological features are used by the characters in udthe film The Grapes of Wrath? and 2) What are the factors affecting the use of udBlack American English in the film The Grapes of Wrath? udThis research is a descriptive qualitative in nature. This research was udconducted by employing sociolinguistic approach. The goal is merely to describe udthe answers of the problem statements above. The source of data in this research udwas the transcript of the film The Grapes of Wrath. The data are chosen by udapplying the purposive sampling technique. It means that the data are selected udbased on some criteria. Those were the Black English words from the udconversation among the characters in the film. Based on this sampling technique, udthere are two hundred and sixty nine data obtained. udFrom the result of the analysis, there are there are nine characteristics of udBlack English in phonological level. Those characteristics are the reduction of a udvowel, the lost of unstressed syllable, the simplification of consonant cluster, the udsubstandard simplification, the deletion of /r/ sound, the realisation of /ŋ/ as /n/ udsound, the deletion of /l/ sound, the monopthongal pronunciation of diphthongs, udand the other phonological characteristics. udThe second finding is the factors affecting the use on the non-standard udlanguage. Those affecting factors are the social status of the speakers, the udrelationship of the speakers, the situation of the conversation, the topic of the udconversation, the style of the speakers, the setting of the place (location), and udpurpose of the speaking. udThis research is expected to be helpful in giving some knowledge and udbetter understanding about the Black English. Furthermore, the researcher also udexpects the students of English Department and the others who are interested in udsociolinguistic study to use this research as a reference. ud