Hydrometeorological monitoring network of Java Island and hydrologic characteristics of the major river basins

摘要

Java Island had been known as the most populated island in the world. The population had been doubled in the last four decades to about 128 million people with average population density of about 1,000 people per sq. km. This high population density accompanied with rapid physical developments in the past decades have created extensive land and forest destructions and causing intensified man-induced natural disasters, such as floods, droughts, forest fires and landslides. The availability of integrated hydrological and meteorological data for the whole territory of Java Island is an opportunity through which research can take advantage in many fields, including development of water management and disaster monitoring. For this reason, we reviewed the hydrometeorological monitoring network of Java Island and the characteristics of the major river basins in this paper.