民俗芸能における真正性と伝承方法に対する一考察 ―「おわら風の盆」のフォークロリズム的解釈を通じて―

摘要

This paper makes explicit the authenticity and functions for maintaining the traditions of one traditional folk entertainment group. The folk entertainment is "Owara Kaze no Bon" of Yatsuo Town, Toyama Prefecture.Folk entertainment has been very successful as a tourist attraction. The traditions are carried on by a preservation society organization in the town. The problem for the preservation society is that it is short of successors, but it works hard to conduct activities that are rooted in the people of Yatsuo Town themselves. On the other hand, there is another group, which split off from the preservation society due to opposition to changes in the traditions. This group calls its own traditions "an original model." They claim authenticity by refining the performance. Importance is placed on hin (quality of performance) in the skill examinations, and this acts as the function for maintaining the quality of performances. The group consists of people from all over Japan who are not from one locality, as are the preservation society. However, they are accepted as a preservation society by residents living in Yatsuo Town and by tourists. It is neccessary to caryy out research on folk entertainment by taking a fresh look at what we mean by regional characteristics.