Textes hétérolingues et textes traduits : de « la langue » aux figures de l’énonciation. Pour une littérature comparée différentielle ud

摘要

Literature readily invents itself another tongue. Written simultaneously in udseveral languages, texts said to be “heterolingual” don’t invent another language ; they udimagine “language” otherwise. The particularly demanding reading pact they propose udentails a veritable experience of difference. Balanced at the intersection of idioms, the udsubject of the heterolingual enunciation seems never to coincide with himself. When udapproached from the perspective of the heterolingual imaginary, the translated text udreveals the presence of an instance of enunciation which is specific to itself. The udnotion of ethos can be employed to characterise the one who is responsable for the udheterolingual text as the responsable for the translated text, by the manner in which udlanguages are placed into relation to one another. Between the respect for “the other udas other” and an ethnocentric attitude, it is necessary to envision a whole range of udrelations to alterity. In the context of the debate on national identity and the claim to udcultural diversities, it seems imperative to recall the critical function of literature and udcomparatist methodology. The future of comparative literature as a discipline is not all udthat is at stake : there is the matter of ethical vigilance which far exceeds the framing udof Nation-States. The analysis is founded on four source texts and their French, udEnglish, German and Spanish translations : The Voice by Gabriel Okara, Sozaboy by udKen Saro-Wiwa, Juan sin Tierra by Juan Goytisolo and Die Niemandsrose by Paul Celan.