Bird Strike simulations are increasingly being used for the design of leading edges of civiludaircraft, since conducting bird strike tests is expensive and time-consuming. Major issues inudbird impact simulation are the modeling of the bird, the development of material models forudthe target and models for capturing rivet failures at different fastener locations. This paperuddiscusses various approaches for bird modeling available in ALTAIR RADIOSS: Lagrangian,udArbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE), and Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) techniques.udBird impact studies on a rigid flat plate found in literature were used for the comparativeudstudy on the bird modeling techniques. Based on this study, the SPH model was chosen forudthe prediction of bird impact behavior on a typical aircraft wing leading-edge. The SPHudmodel predicted the impact behavior of a leading-edge for 115 m/s bird strike accurately.udThe leading-edge deformation characteristics predicted by the model agreed well with testuddata.
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