Membrane bioreactors (MBR) are a combination of common bioreactors and membrane filtration units for biomass retention, presenting unique advantages like high effluent quality and a smaller footprint than the one by conventional wastewater treatment plants. However, fouling and its associated costs are the main drawbacks related to this technology. This thesis presents a step towards the integrated operation of MBRs through experimental and model-based studies. Interactions between the biological (nutrient removal and sludge characteristics) and physical (hydrodynamics and filtration) processes in MBRs were studied, with the final aim being to improve their integrated operation and control. Moreover, the reduced energy costs and the better understanding of MBR operation may contribute to making MBR systems a more competitive technology to deal with water scarcity problems
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