The 4th edition of the Z39.19 standard, "Guidelines for the Construction, Format, and Management of Monolingual Controlled Vocabularies" has been published in July 2005. The revision of Z39.19 grew out of the recommendations developed by consensus at that Workshop on Electronic Thesauri and the results of a survey carried out by NISO in February 2003. Z39.19 has been remarkably expanded: it takes into account changes in information technology, the various ways that users search or browse, and the different types of content they may find. The standard has also expanded its coverage, as it is no more limited to thesauri anymore, but refers to controlled vocabularies in general furthermore, and it is now more oriented to a digital context: in this version, indeed, there are recommendations about display options on a computer screen, and a new section dealing with interoperability.
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