Ionothermal synthesis : a new synthesis methodology using ionic liquids and eutectic mixtures as both solvent and template in zeotype synthesis

摘要

The aim of this thesis was to research the new synthesis methodology of ionothermaludsynthesis, used for the synthesis of zeolite type materials, mainly aluminophosphates.udAn ionic liquid or eutectic mixture is to act as both the organic template and the solvent,udhence eliminating the space filling effects in the reaction from the water.udInitial reactions were carried out using the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazoliumudbromide which acted as the solvent and template in the production of four three-dimensional structures and one layered structure. The addition of cobalt into theudaluminophosphate framework was investigated and resulted in three different cobalt-aluminophosphates being synthesised, including one new zeolite framework.udExperiments were carried out into the effect of altering the imidazolium cation alkyludchain. It appears likely that in the presence of fluoride, some of the imidazolium cationsudundergo a metathesis reaction forming 1,3-dimethylimidazolium which acts as audtemplate in the formation of an aluminophosphate. Preliminary investigations have alsoudbeen started into the effects of changing the ionic liquid anion from bromide toudphosphorus hexafluoride and bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide. The use of theseudanions resulted in the production of several different one and two-dimensionaludstructures.udThe use of eutectic mixtures as solvent and template was also investigated as a cheaper,udmore easily synthesised solvent than the ionic liquids. The results show a newudmethodology of eutectic mixtures acting as template delivery agents through the slow,udin situ decomposition of the urea derivative of the eutectic mixture. This synthesisudmethod resulted in the formation of nine one and two-dimensional aluminophosphates.