Análisis estadístico de accidentalidad laboral del Ecuador y comparación con la accidentalidad laboral de Colombia del año 2013

摘要

Occupational accidents bring high human, social and economic costs to society, state andbusiness. According to the International Labour Organization, 330 million accidents are recordedannually in the world, 2.4 million are fatal and this creates a 4% loss of the world’s GDP.Statistics in occupational accidents provide detailed, updated and reliable information on theimpact and severity of occupational injuries, help establish priority areas of action and implementpolicies, programs and projects that help reduce their incidence. For this reason, looking toprovide an objective diagnosis of the occupational accidents in Ecuador, this thesis presents astatistical analysis of the occupational accidents in Ecuador in 2013, based on the occupationalinjuries registered in Riesgos del Trabajo del IESS. It starts by making a characterization of thesocial economical situation of Ecuador’s working population. Later, it presents numerically andgraphically occupational injuries by different factors, incidence rate and lost days means isobtained, a variance analysis is performed to determine the factors that influence the generationof occupational accidents and finally underreporting in that year is analyzed. Subsequently,Colombia’s social economical status and occupational accidents are presented. Finally acomparison of the social economical situation, health and safety legislation and the incidencerates of occupational accidents is done between Ecuador and Colombia.