Los sistemas de información Geográfica, como herramienta más adecuada para el desarrollo de proyectos de Catastro y la aplicabilidad de un Catastro en tres dimensiones, en una área piloto del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito

摘要

This investigation presents an analysis regarding the use of spatial technology in the management of cadastral information throughout the history of institutions involved in Ecuador.The results indicate a very poor status of organized cadastral information, for both urban and rural areas, giving clear arguments and reasons why Ecuador has not advanced significantly in the field, mostly due a lack of institutional leadership, and definition of clear and appropriate methodologies.Parting from this diagnostics, the author reviews several methodologies for land surveying, from very rudimentary implementations, which are used in most municipalities, to more complex models with the support of Geographical Information Systems GIS that are considered generally then as most suitable for the Ecuadorian cadaster management. These models would use then advanced technologies of mapping and storage of cadastral information in spatially enabled databases.The vertical development of cities implicates an implementation of cadastral surveys in 3 dimensions, which requires processes to identify important additional spatial information through techniques and workflows that in return rely on additional investments of resources.In order to evaluate the use of GIS within the proposed aim of demonstrating a convenient solution for cadastral management in medium-sized municipalities, a case study with prototype character was conducted using an open source GIS cutting costs and allowing for a convenient availability of the system for public institutions.