Diseño y construcción de un equipo de laboratorio de desgaste abrasivo según normas ASTM G65, ASTM G105 y ASTM B611

摘要

One of the main problems that affect materials and that has been present since the development of humanity is wear. Tests in laboratories have been carried out to study and analyze wear in order to determine resistance of materials to scratching abrasion and to prolong the life span of equipment and tools. The design, construction and set up of an abrasive wear test apparatus is developed in this work. The design of the abrasive wear apparatus is based on the standard test methods ASTM G65 Standard Test Method for
Measuring Abrasion Using the Dry Sand/Rubber Wheel Apparatus, ASTM G105 Standard Test Method for 
Conducting Wet Sand/Rubber Wheel Abrasion Tests and ASTM B611 Standard Test Method for
 Determining the High Stress Abrasion Resistance of Hard Materials. First, the design of the principal components such as rubber wheel, sand diffusor hole and system of levers is carried out. Once this is designed, the analysis of mechanisms, determination of power required, and design of other components are carried out. After this, the engine size, the lap timer system, and the speed regulation are determined. Finally, the setup of the apparatus is made; this includes the testing of each mechanism separately: mechanism of levers, engine and points tangent to the wheel. The apparatus that has been designed allows abrasion testing according to three ASTM standards.