Estudio anatómico, fitoquímico y actividad antioxidante de dos especies del género valeriana conocidas con el nombre de ñancolahuen

摘要

The genus Valeriana (Valerianaceae) have about 250 species. In Patagonia Argentina region there are several native species used in traditional medicine. Popular applications of "valerianas" are: treatment of neurotic states, minor sleep disorders and stomach pains. Cutting and coloring techniques were performed for anatomical studies. In the analysis of polyphenols total phenols, hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonoids were quantified. Essential oils were analyzed by GC-FID-MS. The study of antioxidant activity in vitro was measured using DPPH techniques and ABTS. Primary root structure of V. clarionifolia forms an ectofloica protostele and the secondary structures a hexarca aktinostele. Valeriana carnosa rhizome have an anomalous structure. Both species have few starch grains. The highest concentrations of polyphenols were quantified during flowering phenological stage. The mainly essential oils are sesquifelandreno beta-alpha-pinene, bornyl acetate and isovaleric acid. Furthermore, it was reported the presence of dolichodial and epidolichodial. The antioxidant activity of brews is higher in the two species in the flowering stage. This study provides important information that can be used in quality control in herbal medicines.