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Local scour around bridge abutments under ice covered conditions.

机译:在冰盖条件下,在桥台周围进行局部冲刷。

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摘要

Local scour refers to the sediment transport around hydraulic structures by flowing water. Excessive scour around the abutment can potentially cause damage to the bridge, which may also result in catastrophic consequences. Abutment scour refers to the local scour generated by the flow passing around bridge abutments. One of the challenging problems for hydraulic engineers is the prediction of maximum scour depth around abutments and pier foundations so that proper provisions can be made in the design and construction to mitigate the consequences. Despite significant research efforts to improve the understanding of scour related problems, abutment scour is still among the more complex and challenging problems. Over the past few decades, local scour around bridge abutments has received wide attention, and many researchers have contributed various studies on the topic. The current state knowledge on local scour still has insufficiently understood aspects, for example, ice accumulation has never been addressed in the abutment scour research. The impacts of ice cover has never been conducted. To fill this gap, the present research is conducted. The ice cover can change the channel morphology and flow field. It is well known that river ice affects the vertical and lateral distribution of flow in a channel. Additionally, because river ice affects the flow conditions, it potentially influence sediment transport. Hence, the scour around abutments is affected. In the present research, a series of large flume experiments are conducted. By adding different simulated ice covers in the flume, ice-covered flow can be generated. By comparing the scour profiles and maximum scour depth around two commonly used abutments in three non-uniform sediments, the ice cover impacts have been investigated. A significant increase can be noticed by adding ice cover. With the increase in ice cover roughness, the maximum scour depth increase correspondingly. Meanwhile, semi-circular abutment can generate a relatively small scour hole. Further
机译:局部冲刷是指通过流动的水将沉淀物运到水力结构周围。基台周围的过多冲洗可能会损坏桥,这也可能导致灾难性后果。桥基冲刷是指通过桥基台的水流产生的局部冲刷。对于水力工程师来说,挑战性问题之一是对桥台和墩基周围最大冲刷深度的预测,以便可以在设计和施工中做出适当的准备以减轻后果。尽管为提高对冲刷相关问题的理解做出了大量研究工作,但基台冲刷仍是更复杂和更具挑战性的问题之一。在过去的几十年中,桥梁基台周围的局部冲刷受到了广泛的关注,许多研究人员对该主题进行了各种研究。当前关于局部冲刷的状态知识仍缺乏足够的了解,例如,基台冲刷研究从未解决过冰积聚问题。从未进行过冰盖的影响。为了填补这一空白,进行了本研究。冰盖可以改变通道的形态和流场。众所周知,河冰会影响河道中水流的垂直和横向分布。此外,由于河冰影响流量条件,因此有可能影响沉积物的运输。因此,基台周围的冲刷受到影响。在本研究中,进行了一系列大型水槽实验。通过在水槽中添加不同的模拟冰盖,可以生成覆冰的水流。通过比较三种不均匀沉积物中两个常用基台周围的冲刷剖面和最大冲刷深度,研究了冰盖的影响。通过增加冰盖可以看到明显增加。随着冰盖粗糙度的增加,最大冲刷深度相应增加。同时,半圆形基台可以产生相对较小的冲刷孔。进一步

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