Pseudomonas alkylphenolica sp. Nov., A bacterial species able to form special aerial structures when grown on p-cresol

摘要

Pseudomonas sp. KL28 is an aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium that was isolated from the soil of Changwon, South Korea, based on its ability to grow in the presence of linear alkylphenols (C1–C5). Despite several studies on strain KL28, it could not be assigned to any known species in the genus Pseudomonas. The name ‘Pseudomonas alkylphenolia’ was proposed for KL28, but the strain had not until now been characterized taxonomically and the name currently has no standing in the bacterial nomenclature. A 16S rRNA gene sequence based phylogenetic analysis suggested an affiliation of strain KL28 with the Pseudomonas putida group, with Pseudomonas vranovensis DSM 16006 as the most closely related type strain (99.1% similarity). A multilocus phylogenetic sequence analysis performed by concatenating 16S rRNA, gyrB, rpoD and rpoB partial gene sequences showed that isolate KL28T could be differentiated from P. vranovensis DSM 16006 (sequence similarity 93.7%). Genomic comparisons of strain KL28with the type strains of the species in the P. putida group using average nucleotide index based on BLAST (ANIb) and genome-to genome distances (GGDC) revealed 87.06% and 32.20% similarities with P. vranovensis DSM 16006, respectively, as the closest type strain. Both values are far from the thresholds established for species differentiation. These results, together with differences in phenotypic features and chemotaxonomic analyses [fatty acids and whole-cell matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) MS], support the proposal of strain KL28 (=JCM 16553=KCTC 22206) as the type strain of a novel species, for which the formerly proposed name, ‘P. alkylphenolia’, is correctly latinized as Pseudomonas alkylphenolica sp. nov.