In situ measurement of dissolved inorganic carbon speciation in natural waters, pH, pC02, TA, TC02, Honolulu, Hawaii, February 16-18, 2005: workshop proceedings

摘要

The Alliance for Coastal Technology (ACT) convened a workshop on the in situ measurement ofuddissolved inorganic carbon species in natural waters in Honolulu, Hawaii, on February 16, 17, andud18, 2005. The workshop was designed to summarize existing technologies for measuring theudabundance and speciation of dissolved inorganic carbon and to make strategic recommendationsudfor future development and application of these technologies to coastal research and management.udThe workshop was not focused on any specific technology, however, most of the attention of theudworkshop was on in situ pC02 sensors given their recent development and use on moorings forudthe measurement of global carbon fluxes. In addition, the problems and limitations arising fromudthe long-term deployment of systems designed for the measurement of pH, total dissolvedudinorganic carbon (DIC), and total alkalinity (TA) were discussed. Participants includedudresearchers involved in carbon biogeochemistry, industry representatives, and coastal resourceudmanagers. The primary questions asked during the workshop were:udI. What are the major impediments to transform presently used shipboard pC02 measurementudsystems for use on cost-eficient moorings?ud2. What are the major technical hurdles for the in situ measurement of TA and DIC?ud3. What specific information do we need to coordinate efforts for proof of concept' testing ofudexisting and new technologies, inter-calibration of those technologies, better softwareuddevelopment, and more precise knowledge quantzjjing the geochemistry of dissolvedudinoeanic carbon species in order to develop an observing system for dissolved inorganicudcarbon?udBased on the discussion resulting from these three questions, the following statements wereudmade:udStatement No. 1udCost-effective, self-contained technologies for making long-term, accurate measurements of theudpartial pressure of C02 gas in water already exist and at present are ready for deployment onudmoorings in coastal observing systems.udStatement No. 2udCost-effective, self-contained systems for the measurement of pH, TA, and DIC are still neededudto both fully define the carbonate chemistry of coastal waters and the fluxes of carbon betweenudmajor biogeochemical compartments (e.g., air-sea, shelf-slope, water column-sediment, etc.). (pdf contains 23 pages)