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>Diagnosis of pathologies in ancient (seventeenth-eighteenth centuries) decorative blue-and-white ceramic tiles : Green stains in the glazes of a panel depicting Lisbon prior to the 1755 earthquake
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Diagnosis of pathologies in ancient (seventeenth-eighteenth centuries) decorative blue-and-white ceramic tiles : Green stains in the glazes of a panel depicting Lisbon prior to the 1755 earthquake
Decorative panels of ceramic glazed tiles comprise a valuable cultural heritage in Mediterranean countries. Their preservation requires the development of a systematic scientific approach. Exposure to an open-air environment allows for a large span of deterioration effects. Successfully overcoming these effects demands a careful identification of involved degradation processes. Among these, the development of micro-organisms and concomitant glaze surface staining is a very common effect observed in panels manufactured centuries ago. This paper describes a study on the nature of green stains appearing at the surface of blue-and-white tile glazes from a large decorative panel with more than one thousand tiles, called Vista de Lisboa that depicts the city before the destruction caused by the 1755 earthquake. The characterization of green-stained blue-and-white tile glazes was performed using non-destructive X-ray techniques (diffraction and fluorescence spectrometry) by directly irradiating the surface of small tile fragments, complemented by a destructive scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation of one fragment. Despite the green staining, analytical X-ray data showed that no deterioration had occurred irrespective of the blue or white color, while complementary SEM-EDX data provided chemical evidence of microorganism colonization at the stained glaze surface.
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机译:陶瓷釉面砖的装饰板构成了地中海国家的宝贵文化遗产。保护它们需要发展系统的科学方法。暴露在露天环境中会导致很大范围的劣化效果。成功克服这些影响需要仔细识别所涉及的降解过程。其中,微生物的发展和伴随的釉面染色是几个世纪前制造的面板中观察到的非常普遍的效果。本文描述了一项研究,该研究是通过一个大型装饰面板上的青花瓷釉表面上出现的绿色污渍的性质进行研究的,该装饰面板带有超过一千个名为Vista de Lisboa的瓷砖,描绘了1755年破坏之前的城市地震。使用无损X射线技术(衍射和荧光光谱法),通过直接照射小瓷砖碎片的表面,并辅以破坏性扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察,对绿色和绿色的蓝白色瓷砖釉进行表征。一个片段。尽管是绿色,但分析的X射线数据表明,无论是蓝色还是白色,都没有发生退化,而补充SEM-EDX数据提供了微生物在染色釉表面定殖的化学证据。
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