This research investigated whether 4D construction model effectively helps projectparticipants on construction sites in detecting time-space conflicts in the schedule.Previous researchers on construction space management typically modeled spacerequirements for equipment and paths for material and focused primarily on static ordynamic layout planning. Some researchers regarded time-space conflicts as an essentialaspect of construction space management. They demonstrated the use of 4D modules intime-space conflict analysis. Although these 4D prototypes have been successful intackling time-space conflict analysis, they have been validated with only post-hocanalysis of construction projects. Also, various currently commercially available 4Dvisualization softwares do not take into account the workspace required during theconstruction of a component unless space is modeled as a separate component into theCAD application. Therefore, without modeling space as a component in the 3D model itis necessary to assess whether 4D visualization can be effectively used on constructionsites to detect time-space conflicts in the schedule. In order to fulfill the research goal an experiment was conducted. A 4D constructionmodel of an ongoing project was developed.Project participants were introduced to two different graphic representations of theschedule; namely, an overlay drawing - the conventional method used on site to detectconflicts and the 4D construction model. Analysis of the results compared theperformance of the participants in detecting time-space conflicts in the schedule usingthe two methods.The experiment produced empirical evidence that a 4D construction model may beeffective on construction sites in detecting time-space conflicts in the schedule.
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