アルツハイマー型および血管性軽度認知障害(MCI)の神経心理学的徴候 : 日本版COGNISTATによる認知障害プロフィールの検討

摘要

Objective: The goal of this research is to investigate the neuropsychological characteristics of probable Alzheimer type mild impairment (MCI) and vascular MCI (VaMCI). Participants: Post acute stroke patients (n=22) were recruited from the post stroke rehabilitation unit; and community dwelling elderly people without cardiovascular disease, stroke and dementia (n=11) were also recruited. Methods: Cognitive performance was assessed using the Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Examination (COGNISTAT). Participants were classified into five groups by their COGNISTAT scores and MCI criteria: elderly people with normal cognitive functions (controls) (n=7), MCI (n=4), VaMCI (n=18), vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) (n=4) and post stroke with non cognitive impairment (NCI) (n=2). Results: Deficits of construction and judgment were seen in MCI and VaMCI compared to controls. However, MCI were significantly more impaired on tests of repetition and Memory compared to the controls and VaMCI. Construction and judgment scores correctly classified participants (96.9%) into two groups (controls and MCI groups), and repetition and memory score correctly discriminated between MCI and VaMCI (100.0%) by the discriminant analysis. Conclusions: The results suggested that impairments of construction and judgment were characteristics of both MCI and VaMCI, though deficits of repetition and memory were specific features of MCI.