Recent observations suggest that hydrogen reionization ends late ($z simeq6$) and proceeds quickly. We present here a new model of the meta-galacticUV/X-ray background (UVB) that is consistent with this. It adopts the mostrecent determinations of the ionizing emissivity due to stars and AGN, as wellas of the HI absorber column density distribution. Another major improvement isa new treatment of the intergalactic medium (IGM) opacity for ionizing photonsthat is able to consistently capture the transition from a neutral to anionized IGM. Previous synthesis models of the UVB, when used in simulations,yield reionization and thermal histories that are inconsistent with the assumedionizing emissivities. With our new treatment, this discrepancy is fullyresolved. In our fiducial model, galaxies leaking $lesssim 18%$ of theirLyman continuum emission drive HI reionization, while AGN drive HeIIreionization (completing at $z simeq 6.2$ and $2.8$ respectively). Due to thelimited time available for cooling between HI and HeII reionization, higher IGMtemperatures are predicted for late reionization scenarios. In our fiducialmodel, the predicted temperatures agree well with observational constraints at$z lesssim 4$, while being slightly high compared to (somewhat uncertain) dataabove that. Models with a larger contribution of AGN are instead disfavoured bythe temperature data, as well as by measurements of the HI and HeIILyman-$lpha$ forest opacities. We also present "equivalent-equilibrium"ionization/heating rates that mimic our fiducial UVB model for use insimulation codes that assume ionization equilibrium.
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机译:最近的观察结果表明,氢气团化已故结束($ z simeq6 $)并迅速进行。我们在这里呈现了与此符合这一致的Meta-Galacticuv / X射线背景(UVB)的新模型。它采用恒星和AGN引起的电离发射率的MOSTecent测定,作为HI吸收柱密度分布的云朵。用于电离光子的间介质(IgM)不透射性的另一个主要改进ISA能够始终捕获从中性到阴离子IgM的过渡。 UVB的先前合成模型,当用于模拟时,产生与假设发射率不一致的结果的结果和热历史。通过我们的新处理,这种差异普遍存在。在我们的基准模型中,星系泄漏$ lessim 18 %$ orwerman连续式排放驱动器Hi退换,而Agn驱动Heireionization(以$ z simeq 6.2 $和$ 2.8 $完成$ 2.8 $)。由于HI和Heii标准之间可用于冷却的细小时间,预测了更高的IgMtemperatures用于后期反向异常方案。在我们的信托模型中,预测的温度与$ z lessim 4 $的观察限制吻合得很好,而与(有点不确定)dataabove相比略高。具有较大贡献的模型,而是通过温度数据,以及嗨测量和Heiilyman - $ Alpha $森林缺水。我们还提出了“等效 - 平衡”电离/加热速率,模拟了我们的基准UVB模型,用于使用采用电离均衡的胰岛素码。
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