The design of intake-outlet structures for pumped-storage hydroelectric power plants requires site-specific location and geometry studies in order to ensure their satisfactory hydraulic performance. This article presents the numerical and physical model studies conducted on the lower intake-outlet of Belesar III power station in Northwest Spain. The proposed location of this structure in a narrow reservoir and at a shallow depth is particularly challenging and required the analysis of both the near-field and far-field flow dynamics in the reservoir. First, the hydrodynamics of the reservoir were studied with a 2D shallow water model. The location of the intake was found to be suitable, with adequate flow conditions in the reservoir even for the lower operating water levels. The intake could be fed with the maximum pumping discharge without being limited by the reservoir’s hydraulics. Second, the flow in the near-field was investigated by complementary use of 3-dimensional numerical simulations and reduced-scale physical modeling. The results allowed the verification of the submergence requirements and the comparison of geometry alternatives. In comparison with the initial design, the final proposed design shows a more symmetrical approach flow into the structure during pumping mode, resulting in a more homogenous flow distribution between the openings and reduced head loss. This study can provide guidance in the application of hydraulic modeling procedures to locate and design intake-outlet structures in existing lakes or reservoirs and to evaluate potential limitations on water levels, inflows and outflows. It can be useful during planning stages of power plants to aim for the shortest possible waterways between the reservoirs while ensuring adequate flow conditions.
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