The main objective of the present study was to provide a comprehensive LCI of medium scale composting of food waste udand yard waste at institutional level, based on substance flow analysis (SFA). A secondary objective was to present the udcomposition and assess the quality of the final compost product from composting of typical Asian organic waste (food udwaste and yard waste). The experiments were designed to represent a batch situation in an institutional medium size udcomposting scenario with input material of food waste mixed with grass clippings and dried leaves. Two composting udruns were carried out with the intention to showcase the heterogeneity of organic waste and study the effect of windrow udsize on the performance of the process. The input and output material were sampled and characterized in order to udquantify the substance balance of the process. SFA was performed by means of the mass balance model STAN 2.5 to udcompute unknown parameters (gaseous emissions). SFAs have been performed for C, N, K, P, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb. The udcomposting windrows were fed with 212.4 and 393 kg, respectively. VS content reduction is greater in composting pile udwith larger size (Run 2). The loss of C during composting was recorded in the range of 0.146-0.166 kg/kg ww. The C udlosses via leachate were insignificant (0.02% of the total input C). The total N loss during the process was 0.005-0.012 udkg/kg ww. The leachate generation was measured as 0.012-0.013 kg/kg ww. The flows of selected heavy metals were udassessed. Heavy metals were of minor significance due to low concentrations in the inputs (food waste and yard waste). udHeavy metals were found to be released to the atmosphere. However, majority of heavy metals remain in the finished udcompost. The C/N reduction during the process was in the range of 10-23%. In general, the compost composition was udconsidered to be within the ranges previously reported in literature and thus ready for application in gardening. The LCI udpresented in the present study can be used as a starting point for making environmental assessments of medium-scale udco-composting of food waste and yard waste in tropical environment. No major environmental problems were identified udfrom the process, except for the emissions of GHGs.
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机译：本研究的主要目的是基于物质流分析（SFA），在机构级别提供中等规模的餐厨垃圾堆放场堆肥的LCI。第二个目标是提出 udcomposition，并通过对典型的亚洲有机废物（食物 udwaste和院子废物）进行堆肥来评估最终堆肥产品的质量。实验旨在代表机构中等规模 udcomposting场景中的批处理情况，将食物垃圾的输入材料与草屑和干叶混合。进行了两次堆肥处理，目的是展示有机废物的异质性，并研究堆肥处理对过程性能的影响。为了对过程中的物质平衡进行量化，对输入和输出材料进行了采样和表征。通过质量平衡模型STAN 2.5执行SFA，以 u计算未知参数（气体排放）。已针对C，N，K，P，Cd，Cr，Cu，Ni和Pb执行了SFA。堆肥堆分别喂食了212.4公斤和393公斤。在堆肥堆中，VS含量减少的幅度更大（运行2）。堆肥过程中碳的损失记录在0.146-0.166 kg / kg ww的范围内。通过渗滤液产生的C损耗微不足道（占总输入C的0.02％）。该过程中的总氮损失为0.005-0.012μg/ kg ww。渗滤液的生成为0.012-0.013 kg / kg ww。对选定的重金属流量进行了评估。由于投入物中的低浓度（食物垃圾和庭院垃圾），重金属的重要性较小。 ud发现重金属释放到大气中。但是，大多数重金属仍保留在成品中。在此过程中，C / N降低了10-23％。通常，堆肥组成被认为在先前文献报道的范围内，因此可以用于园艺。本研究中提出的LCI可以用作对热带环境中食物垃圾和院子垃圾的中等规模 udco-composting进行环境评估的起点。除了温室气体的排放外，没有发现主要的环境问题。
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