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Co-evolution of technology and society: The transition in water supply and personal hygiene in the Netherlands (1850–1930)—a case study in multi-level perspective

机译:技术与社会的共同演变:荷兰供水与个人卫生转型(1850-1930) - 多层次视角下的案例研究

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摘要

This article deals with the systems level in Freeman and Perez's innovation typology (incremental, radical, system, techno-economic paradigm). Transitions at this level are understood as changes from one socio-technical system to another, involving co-evolution of technology and society. To understand these transitions, the article describes a multi-level perspective, based on insights from sociology of technology and evolutionary economics. This perspective is used to analyse a detailed historical case study, the transition from surface water to piped water and personal hygiene (1870-1930). By the middle of the 19th century, problems in the water supply regime grew worse, as expanding urban populations dumped their waste in canals and surface waters. Local conditions in some specific cities provided space for the first piped water systems in the 1850s. Problems in the water supply regime grew worse in the 1860s and 1870s, but public authorities in other cities did not embrace the new niche. Instead, they searched for solutions within the existing regime. Only after wider landscape developments in the 1880s and 1890s (economic, cultural, political) could the niche break through and trigger wider transformations. So external macro-developments played a crucial role in the take-off and diffusion phase of this transition. This transition is a good example of co-evolution of technology and society, involving technological innovations, such as piped water infrastructure, soap, toilets, baths, as well as cultural, political, economic and behavioural changes. The case study illustrates how the multi-level perspective can be used to analyse how these changes influenced each other in a co-evolution process. The article thus fits in the growing literature on co-evolution. While most literatures look at co-evolution between two or three aspects, this article develops a broader understanding of co-evolution. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译:本文涉及Freeman和Perez的创新类型(增量,激进,系统,技术经济范式)的系统级别。在这个水平的转变被理解为一个社会技术系统到另一个社会技术系统的变化,涉及技术和社会的共同演变。要了解这些转换,本文基于来自技术和进化经济学的社会学的见解,描述了多级视角。这种观点用于分析详细的历史案例研究,从地表水过渡到管道水和个人卫生(1870-1930)。到19世纪中叶,供水制度的问题变得更糟,因为扩大城市人口倾倒在运河和地表水域中的废物。某些特定城市的当地条件为1850年代提供了第一家管道水系统的空间。在1860年代和1870年代,供水制度的问题变得更糟,但其他城市的公共当局没有接受新的利基。相反,他们搜索了现有制度的解决方案。只有在1880年代和1890年代更广泛的景观发展(经济,文化,政治)之后,利基可以突破并引发更广泛的转型。因此,外部宏观发展在这种转型的起飞和扩散阶段起到了至关重要的作用。这一转型是技术和社会共同演进的一个很好的例子,涉及技术创新,如管道水基础设施,肥皂,厕所,浴室以及文化,政治,经济和行为变化。案例研究说明了多级视角如何用于分析这些变化在共同演进过程中的影响。因此,该文章适合在共同进化中不断增长的文献。虽然大多数文献看起来两三个方面之间的共同演变,但本文发展了对共同进化的更广泛的理解。 ©2005 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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    Frank Geels;

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  • 年度 2005
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