Comparison of centralized, distributed and hierarchical model predictive control schemes for electromechanical oscillations damping in large-scale power systems

摘要

The paper investigates the feasibility of applying Model Predictive Control (MPC) as a viable strategy todamp wide-area electromechanical oscillations in large-scale power systems. First a fully centralizedMPC scheme is considered, and its performances are evaluated first in ideal conditions and then by consideringstate estimation errors and communication delays. This scheme is further extended into a distributedscheme with the aim of making it more viable for very large-scale or multi-area systems.Finally, a robust hierarchical multi-area MPC scheme is proposed, introducing a second layer of MPCbased controllers at the level of individual power plants and transmission lines. Simulations are carriedout using a 70-bus test system. The results reveal all three MPC schemes as viable solutions to supplementexisting controllers in order to improve the system performance in terms of damping. The hierarchicalscheme is the one combining the best performances in nominal conditions and the best robustnesswith respect to partial component failures and various modeling and measurement errors.