Ictogênese, epileptogênese e mecanismo de ação das drogas na profilaxia e tratamento da epilepsia

摘要

INTRODUCTION: The neurologist who wants to properly manage his patients with epilepsy should be familiar with the mechanisms of generation, propagation and interruption of seizures. In this article, we briefly review the mechanisms of seizure generation in patients with epilepsy (ictogenesis) and the process involved in the development of epilepsy after a brain lesion (epileptogenesis). In addition, we present the mechanisms of action of the main drugs used in each of these situations, that is, antiictogenic and antiepileptogenic drugs. PURPOSE: To present and discuss the main concepts about ictogenesis, epileptogenesis and mechanism of action of the drugs used for prevent and treat epilepsy. CONCLUSION: Different pharmacological approaches have been developed and tested in an effort to block seizures more efficiently and prevent the development of epilepsy after a brain injury. One might expect that with the advancement of knowledge, new drugs will be developed and allow a better result in the prevention and treatment of epilepsy.