The 3D Entangled Structure of the Proton: Transverse Degrees of Freedom in QCD, Momenta, Spins and More

摘要

Light-front quantized quark and gluon states (partons) play a dominant rolein high energy scattering processes. Initial state hadrons are mixed ensemblesof partons, while produced pure partonic states appear as mixed ensembles ofhadrons. The transition from collinear hard physics to the 3D structureincluding partonic transverse momenta is related to confinement which linkscolor and spatial degrees of freedom. We outline ideas on emergent symmetriesin the Standard Model and their connection to the 3D structure of hadrons.Wilson loops, including those with light-like Wilson lines such as used in thestudies of transverse momentum dependent distribution functions (TMDs) may playa crucial role here, establishing a direct link between transverse spatialdegrees of freedom and gluonic degrees of freedom.