Efficacy of Neem Extract and Three Antimicrobial Agents Incorporated into Tissue Conditioner in Inhibiting the Growth of C. Albicans and S. Mutans

摘要

Introduction: Denture stomatitis is an inflammatory conditionwhich compromises the mucosal surface beneath dentures.The aetiology of denture stomatitis is usually multifactorialwhich varies from trauma from ill fitting denture to poor immunesystem. There are evidences that denture stomatitis is anoutcome of multispecies biofilms that include Candida albicansand Streptococcus mutans. Tissue conditioners are found to bemore susceptible to colonisation by micro-organisms.Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacyof neem leaf extract and three other antimicrobial agentsincorporated in a tissue conditioner against both Candidaalbicans and Streptococcus mutans.Materials and Methods: Standard strain of Candida albicansand Streptococcus mutans were inoculated into SabouraudDextrose broth and Mitis-Salivarius-Bacitracin broth respectivelyincubated at 37°C. Tissue conditioner (Viscogel) mixed withtwo different concentrations of ketoconazole, nystatin andchlorhexidine diacetate (5%, 10% w/w) and neem leaf extract(7.5% w/w and 15% w/w) and control group (plain tissueconditioner) were placed into punch hole (6 mm diameter) agarplate inoculated with Candida albicans and Streptococcusmutans. A total of 216 samples were prepared for both Candidaalbicans and Streptococcus mutans. Mean Inhibition Diameter(MID) across each punch holes were measured in millimetres at24 hours and seven days and data were statistically analysedusing Kruskal Wallis test followed by Mann-Whitney U test.Results: Both ketoconazole and nystatin (10% w/w) showedmaximum inhibition of 32 mm and mean of 31.75 followed by15% w/w neem leaf extract with an inhibition of 21 mm andmean of 20.67 after 24 hours against Candida albicans whereaschlorhexidine diacetate (10% w/w) showed mean of 25.67followed by chlorhexidine diacetate (5% w/w) and neem extract(15% w/w) which showed mean of 24.17 and 23.67 respectivelyagainst Streptococcus mutans.Conclusion: Neem leaf extract exhibited considerable potentialto be an efficacious antimicrobial agent against both Candidaalbicans and Streptococcus mutans.