Canonical and microcanonical ensemble approaches to Bose-Einstein condensation: The thermodynamics of particles in harmonic traps

摘要

The thermodynamic properties of bosons moving in a harmonic trap in anarbitrary number of dimensions are investigated in the grand canonical,canonical and microcanonical ensembles by applying combinatorial techniquesdeveloped earlier in statistical nuclear fragmentation models. Thermodynamicfunctions such as the energy and specific heat are computed exactly in theseensembles. The occupation of the ground or condensed state is also obtainedexactly, and signals clearly the phase transition. The application of thesetechniques to fermionic systems is also briefly discussed.