Spatiotemporal variability of Canadian High Arctic glacier surface albedo from MODIS data, 2001–2016

摘要

Inter-annual variations and longer-term trends in the annual mass balance of glaciers in Canada's Queen Elizabeth Islands (QEI) arelargely attributable to changes in summer melt. The largest source of melt energy in the QEI in summer is net shortwave radiation,which is modulated by changes in glacier surface albedo. We used measurements from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) sensors to investigate large-scale spatial patterns, temporal trends, and variability in the summer surface albedo of QEIglaciers from 2001 to 2016. Mean summer black-sky shortwave broadband albedo (BSA) decreased at a rate of 0.029±0.025 decade−1 over that period. Larger reductions in BSA occurred in July (−0.050±0.031 decade−1). No change inBSA was observed in either June or August. Most of the decrease in BSA, which was greatest at lower elevations around the margins ofthe ice masses, occurred between 2007 and 2012, when mean summer BSA was anomalously low. The first principal component of the 16-yearrecord of mean summer BSA was well correlated with the mean summer North Atlantic Oscillation index, except in 2006, 2010, and2016, when the mean summer BSA appears to have been dominated by the August BSA. During the period 2001–2016, the mean summer land surfacetemperature (LST) over the QEI glaciers and ice caps increased by 0.049±0.038 °C yr−1, and the BSA recordwas negatively correlated (r: −0.86) with the LST record, indicative of a positive ice-albedo feedback that would increase ratesof mass loss from the QEI glaciers.