Analysis of extreme hydrometeorological events is important forcharacterizing and better understanding the meteorological conditions thatcan generate severe rainstorms and the consequent catastrophic flooding.According to several studies (e.g., Alpert et al., 2004; Wittenberg et al.,2007), the occurrence of such extreme events is increasing over the easternMediterranean although total rain amounts are generally decreasing. Thecurrent study presents an analysis of an extreme event utilizing differentmethodologies: (a) synoptic maps and high resolution satellite imagery foratmospheric condition analysis; (b) rainfall analysis by rain gauges data;(c) meteorological radar rainfall calibration and analysis; (d) fieldmeasurements for estimating maximum peak discharges; and, (e) highresolution aerial photographs together with field surveying for quantifyingthe geomorphic impacts. The unusual storm occurred over Israel between 30March and 2 April, 2006. Heavy rainfall produced more than 100 mm in somelocations in only few hours and more than 200 mm in the major core area.Extreme rain intensities with recurrence intervals of more than 100 yearswere found for durations of 1 h and more as well as for the daily raindepth values. In the most severely affected area, Wadi Ara, extreme flashfloods caused damages and casualties. Specific peak discharges were as highas 10–30 m³/s/km² for catchments of the size of 1–10 km²,values larger than any recorded floods in similar climatic regions inIsrael.
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机译：极端水文气象事件的分析对于表征和更好地了解可能引起暴雨和随之而来的灾难性洪水的气象条件非常重要。根据多项研究（例如，Alpert等人，2004; Wittenberg等人，2007）尽管总降雨量总体在减少，但地中海东部的极端事件正在增加。本研究利用不同的方法对极端事件进行了分析：（a）天气图和高分辨率卫星图像，用于大气条件分析； （b）通过雨量计数据进行降雨分析;（c）气象雷达的降雨校准和分析; （d）实地测量，以估计最大峰值流量； （e）高分辨率航空照片以及实地勘测，以量化地貌影响。以色列在2006年3月30日至4月2日之间发生了罕见的暴风雨。仅在几个小时内，某些地方就产生了超过100毫米的强降雨，而在主要核心地区却产生了200毫米以上的暴雨。发现了间隔100年以上的极端降雨强度。持续时间超过1小时以及每天的雨深值。在受灾最严重的地区瓦迪阿拉（Wadi Ara），特大洪水造成了人员伤亡。对于面积为1-10km²的流域，特定的峰值排放量高达10-30m³/ s /km²，该值比以色列类似气候地区的任何记录的洪水都要大。
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