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Dissolution of uranium dioxide in nitric acid media: what do we know?

机译:二氧化铀在硝酸介质中的溶解:我们知道什么?

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摘要

This article draws a state of knowledge of the dissolution of uranium dioxide in nitric acid media. The chemistry of the reaction is first investigated, and two reactions appear as most suitable to describe the mechanism, leading to the formation of monoxide and dioxide nitrogen as reaction by-products, while the oxidation mechanism is shown to happen before solubilization. The solid aspect of the reaction is also investigated: manufacturing conditions have an impact on dissolution kinetics, and the non-uniform attack at the surface of the solid results in the appearing of pits and cracks. Last, the existence of an autocatalytic mechanism is questionned. The second part of this article presents a compilation of the impacts of several physico-chemical parameters on the dissolution rates. Even though these measurements have been undertaken under a broad variety of conditions, and that the rate determining step of the reaction is usually not specified, general trends are drawn from these results. Finally, it appears that several key points of knowledge still have to be clarified concerning the dissolution of uranium dioxide in nitric acid media, and that the macroscopic scale which has been used in most studies is probably not suitable.
机译:本文借鉴了硝酸介质中二氧化铀溶解的知识。首先研究了反应的化学性,两种反应显得最适合描述机制,导致一氧化物和二氧化氮作为反应副产物的形成,而氧化机理显示在溶解之前发生。还研究了反应的固体方面:制造条件对溶解动力学产生影响,并且固体表面的非均匀攻击导致凹坑和裂缝的出现。最后,质询自催化机制的存在。本文的第二部分介绍了几种物理化学参数对溶出速率的影响的汇编。尽管在各种条件下进行了这些测量,但通常未指定反应的速率确定步骤,因此从这些结果中汲取了一般趋势。最后,似乎仍然必须澄清几个关于硝酸介质中二氧化铀的溶解的关键观点,并且在大多数研究中使用的宏观规模可能不适合。

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