Production of cellulose acetate fromudacacia mangium for wood coating lacquer

摘要

Cellulose acetate (CA) is a semi-synthetic industrial fiber that has a wide-range ofudapplication that includes materials for molded goods and fabrics, as well as filterudmembrane, cigarette tow, and coating. This study focuses on the production ofudcoating from Acacia mangium-produced cellulose acetate. It covers the selection ofudthe A. mangium fibers for development into the intermediate CA, followed by theudoptimum condition for the production of CA, and finally the performance of the endudproduct of the Acacia mangium-based CA for wood coating. The fiber characteristicudof the A. mangium wood and pulp fiber was determined and compared, where theudpulp fiber was shown to potentially be a better material in the development of CAuddue to the higher cellulose composition of nearly 100% of percentage difference ifudcompared to the wood fibers. Structurally, the pulp also displays better fibrillatedudstructure and slightly higher derived value compared to the wood fiber for the fiberuddimensions, with percentage difference not more than 10% for most. The selectedudform of pulp fiber underwent acetylation process through the reaction with aceticudanhydride and acetic acid, where certain condition was manipulated, which includesudthe pretreatment process, amount of catalyst, pulp particle size, and reaction timeudto obtain the optimum condition. The result shows the pretreated A. mangium pulpudfiber of 200-mesh size that underwent 36 hours of acetylation, with the highestudcatalyst usage of 0.10 ml earned the most ideal DS of 2.81, in the development ofudcoatings. The formation of the acetate lacquer coating loosely follows the U.S.udpatent no. 2426379 that includes the fusion of melamine formaldehyde and ethyludacetate. The performance of the A. mangium cellulose acetate (AMCA) lacquer wasudevaluated and compared with a control lacquer that was produced from audcommercial CA (CCA), based on the mechanical and physical performance. TheudAMCA lacquer is proven to be on par or better than that of CCA lacquer with betterudstaining resistance and lower water absorption rate for the physical, and a higheruddurability for the impact, abrasion, and hardness test for the mechanicaludperformance. These properties further justify the ergonomics of the most abundantudorganic compound on Earth, which is the cellulose, as an alternative for petroleum basedudproducts while indicating the feasibility of a wide-range unconventionaludproduct development of the A. mangium species as a whole.