Non-leaching antimicrobial surfaces through polydopamine bio-inspired coating of quaternary ammonium salts or an ultrashort antimicrobial lipopeptide.

摘要

Bacterial fouling on surfaces significantly increases the resistance of bacteria toward antibiotics, whichleads to medical complications and a corresponding financial burden. Here, we report on a general androbust technique for facile modification of various surfaces with different antibacterial agents. Ourapproach in this study was inspired by the strong adhesion of mussel adhesion proteins (MAPs) tomany types of surfaces, including metals, polymers, and inorganic materials. Thus, glass and polymericslides were dip-coated with dopamine, as a MAP mimic, and the resulting surfaces were characterized.The reactivity of dopamine-coated surfaces toward nucleophilic addition was then confirmed byreacting them with fluorescent probes containing either a free amino or a free thiol group. Laserscanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), confocal Ramanmicroscopy, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) massspectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry studies collectively suggested that the probes had covalentlyattached to the surfaces. Fabrication of dopamine-coated surfaces with an antibacterial quaternaryamine or an ultrashort lipopeptide analog generated surfaces that effectively kill Escherichia coli andStaphylococcus aureus cells on contact. Moreover, minimal leaching of the fabricated agent wasdetected after prolonged incubation. This technique could be further developed to a ‘‘paint-like’’ or selfassemblingmonolayer-like procedure for the preparation of antibacterial surfaces on various materials.