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Synergistically Coupling Of Solid State Drives And Hard Disks For Qos-Aware Virtual Memory

机译:用于Qos感知虚拟内存的固态硬盘和硬盘的协同耦合

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摘要

With significant advantages in capacity, power consumption, and price, solid state disk (SSD) has good potential to be employed as an extension of dynamic random-access memory, such that applications with large working sets could run efficiently on a modestly configured system. While initial results reported in recent works show promising prospects for this use of SSD by incorporating it into the management of virtual memory, frequent writes from write-intensive programs could quickly wear out SSD, making the idea less practical.This thesis makes four contributions towards solving this issue. First, we propose a scheme, HybridSwap, that integrates a hard disk with an SSD for virtual memory man-agement, synergistically achieving the advantages of both. In addition, HybridSwap can constrain performance loss caused by swapping according to user-specified QoS requirements.Second, We develop an efficient algorithm to record memory access history and to identify page access sequences and evaluate their locality. Using a history of page access patterns HybridSwap dynamically creates an out-of-memory virtual memory page layout on the swap space spanning the SSD and hard disk such that random reads are served by SSD and sequential reads are asynchronously served by the hard disk with high efficiency.Third, we build a QoS-assurance mechanism into HybridSwap to demonstrate the flexibility of the system in bounding the performance penalty due to swapping. It allows users to specify a bound on the program stall time due to page faults as a percentage of the programu27s total run time.Forth, we have implemented HybridSwap in a recent Linux kernel, version 2.6.35.7. Our evaluation with representative benchmarks, such as Memcached for key-value store, and scientific programs from the ALGLIB cross-platform numerical analysis and data processing library, shows that the number of writes to SSD can be reduced by 40% with the systemu27s performance comparable to that with pure SSD swapping, and can satisfy a swapping-related QoS requirement as long as the I/O resource is sufficient.
机译:固态磁盘(SSD)具有容量,功耗和价格方面的显着优势,因此具有很大的潜力可以用作动态随机存取存储器的扩展,因此具有大型工作集的应用程序可以在经过适当配置的系统上高效运行。尽管近期工作中报告的初步结果显示了将SSD并入虚拟内存管理中的前景,但使用写入密集型程序进行频繁写入会很快使SSD消耗wear尽,从而使该想法变得不切实际。解决这个问题。首先,我们提出了一种HybridSwap方案,该方案将硬盘与SSD集成在一起以进行虚拟内存管理,从而协同实现两者的优势。此外,HybridSwap还可以根据用户指定的QoS要求来限制因交换而导致的性能损失。其次,我们开发了一种有效的算法来记录内存访问历史记录,识别页面访问序列并评估其位置。利用页面访问模式的历史记录,HybridSwap在跨越SSD和硬盘的交换空间上动态创建内存不足的虚拟内存页面布局,从而使SSD可以随机读取数据,而高密度硬盘则可以异步读取顺序读取数据第三,我们在HybridSwap中建立了QoS保证机制,以演示系统在限制因交换而导致的性能损失方面的灵活性。它允许用户指定由于页面错误而导致的程序停顿时间的限制,占程序总运行时间的百分比。第四,我们在最新的Linux内核2.6.35.7版中实现了HybridSwap。我们对具有代表性的基准进行评估,例如用于键值存储的Memcached以及来自ALGLIB跨平台数值分析和数据处理库的科学程序,这些结果表明,使用该系统,对SSD的写入次数可以减少40%性能可以与纯SSD交换媲美,并且只要I / O资源足够,就可以满足与交换相关的QoS要求。

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    Liu Ke;

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