Monitoring of seismic activity of the earth dam Topolnica mine Buchim, Republic of Macedonia

摘要

Blasting, whether pointwise, linear, individual or massive, are treated as small earthquakes. So, it isudknown in advance the place and time of the earthquake, and the energy of the blasting, we know, isudmuch less than the energy in the earthquake.When blasting, in the first phase, the solid matter of theudexplosive is transformed in the compressed gaseous state, and then the gas is spreading, whereby theudpotential energy turns into mechanical work. This energy at the site of blasting, ruining, crushing rockudmasses, creates permanent deformations in the rock. Seismic waves, which are spread by the transferudof the deformation, cause oscillation of the ground and the objects.Seismic waves that occur duringudblasting are similar on the waves that occur in earthquakes, so many seismic blasting uses many lawsudthat are defined in seismology. Modern instruments transform these movements, i.e. oscillations intoudelectrical motions, and as such they register them on photo-paper or digitize them and record them onuda magnetic tape. In this paper is present monitoring of the seismic activity of the earth dam Topolnicaudnear the mine Buchim.