In electric vehicles it is important to knowthe state of charge of the batteries in order to preventvehicle strandings and to ensure that the full range ofthe vehicle is exploited. It is also useful to know stateof health information about the batteries to predictwhen the batteries need replacing. This paperdescribes a battery monitoring system that is able tocalculate the state of charge and state of health ofmultiple batteries in a battery bank. It has beendesigned specifically to monitor lead-acid batteries inan electric car environment using noninvasivemeasurement techniques. The monitor incorporates anadaptive monitoring method, which is based oncoulometric measurements when the batteries areunder load and predicted open circuit voltagemeasurements under no-load conditions.
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