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Optimal recursive thrust allocation applied for ROV Minerva

机译:最优递推推力分配应用于ROV Minerva

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摘要

This master thesis considers the thrust allocation problem of the Remotely Operated Vehicle Minerva, operated by the NTNU Applied Underwater Robotics Laboratory. The Minerva is reported to have some issues with the yaw capability when subject to current. Thus, motivating the testing of thrust allocation algorithms prioritizing yaw capability.To get familiarized with the Minerva, and the Minerva control and simulation systems, the dynamical model of Minerva is presented. In order to present the dynamical model, relevant background information is given. Then, the dynamical behavior and limitations of the Minerva are discussed. Further, the thruster configuration, and current thrust allocation scheme is presented.Three constrained thrust allocation algorithms are proposed; Recursive nullspace-based thrust allocation, optimal thrust allocation, and optimal recursive thrust allocation. The optimal recursive thrust allocation are the combination of the first two proposed algorithms. The recursive algorithms are motivated by the desire to ensure enough thruster capacity is available to produce the required yaw moment. After satisfying the yaw allocation, the remaining thrust capacity can be utilized to allocate the degrees of freedom in subsequent steps The algorithms are then tested in both open-loop, and closed-loop condition, to ensure functionality.A simulation case study to test the effectiveness, and compare the performance of the three proposed thrust allocation algorithms were carried out. From open-loop tests it was found that the thruster weighting matrix of the 2$^{nd}$ step of the recursive 3-step nullspace-based thrust allocation algorithm, are of great importance for the overall performance of the algorithm when applied for the Minerva. Leaving the 2$^{nd}$ step thruster weighting matrix as the identity matrix, caused the recursive 3-step algorithm to perform poorer than the pseudoinverse thrust allocation. From closed-loop tests, the proposed implementation of the optimal recursive thrust allocation algorithm is seen to be flawed. The optimal recursive algorithm allocated the thrusters such that the rotational direction of the thrusters were constantly changed back and forth, inducing instability in an otherwise stable system. Such utilization will drastically increase wear and tear of the thrusters. Further, it was found from testing that the optimal thrust allocation algorithm could achieve yaw priority by means of modifying the slack variables. By making the cost on the slack variable corresponding to yaw higher, in order 1000 times higher, than the other slack variables, yaw priority are achieved.Finally, concluding remarks are given; The proposed optimal recursive thrust allocation algorithm as implemented for the Minerva is seen to be flawed. Therefor there is no point in HIL-testing of the algorithm, as proposed in this thesis. Lastly, recommendations for further work are presented.
机译:本论文考虑了由NTNU应用水下机器人实验室操作的遥控飞行器Minerva的推力分配问题。据报道,密涅瓦号在承受电流时存在偏航性能问题。因此,激发了优先考虑偏航性能的推力分配算法的测试。为了熟悉Minerva,Minerva控制和仿真系统,提出了Minerva动力学模型。为了给出动力学模型,给出了相关的背景信息。然后,讨论了密涅瓦的动力学行为和局限性。提出了三种约束推力分配算法。基于零空间的递归推力分配,最佳推力分配和最佳递归推力分配。最佳递归推力分配是前两个提出的算法的组合。递归算法的动机是希望确保有足够的推力能力来产生所需的横摆力矩。满足偏航分配后,剩余推力可用于后续步骤中的自由度分配。然后在开环和闭环条件下对算法进行测试,以确保功能性。有效性,并比较了三种提出的推力分配算法的性能。从开环测试中发现,递归3步基于空空间的推力分配算法的2 $ ^ {nd} $步的推力器加权矩阵对于算法的整体性能非常重要。密涅瓦。将2阶跃推进器加权矩阵留为单位矩阵,导致递归3步算法的性能比伪逆推力分配差。从闭环测试来看,建议的最佳递归推力分配算法的实现存在缺陷。最佳递归算法分配了推进器,以使推进器的旋转方向不断地来回变化,从而导致原本稳定的系统不稳定。这种利用将大大增加推进器的磨损。此外,从测试中发现,最佳推力分配算法可以通过修改松弛变量来实现偏航优先级。通过使与偏航相对应的松弛变量的成本比其他松弛变量高1000倍,可以实现偏航优先级。最后,给出结论。为Minerva实施的最佳递推推力分配算法被认为是有缺陷的。因此,本文提出的算法的HIL测试毫无意义。最后,提出了进一步工作的建议。

著录项

  • 作者

    Kajanus Robert;

  • 作者单位
  • 年度 2014
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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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