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Commuting practices:new insights into modal shift from theories of social practice

机译:通勤实践:从社会实践理论到模式转变的新见解

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摘要

The automobile commute makes an important contribution to carbon emissions but has proven stubbornly resistant to modal shift policy initiatives. In this paper we use theories of social practice to develop insights into why this stubbornness might exist, and what might help accelerate transitions to bus- and cycle-commuting. By analysing qualitative data about everyday mobility in two UK cities, we examine how the availability of the constituent elements of bus- and cycle-commuting practices is crucial for modal shift to occur, but they are often absent. We also draw attention to time-space contingencies that render recruitment to low-carbon commuting practices more or less likely, including how commuting is sequenced with other social practices and how the sites of these practices interact with the affordances, and spatial infrastructure, of bus- and cycle-commuting. These insights lead us to argue that choice and land use planning focussed policy initiatives designed to invoke modal shift need to coexist in integrated policy configurations with initiatives designed to reshape both mobility and non-mobility practices. This means addressing the structural barriers caused by the lack of availability of the elements that constitute bus- and cycle-commuting, and intervening in the timing and spatiality of a range of social practices so as to reduce the tendency for commutes to have spatial and temporal characteristics that militate against the use of bus and cycle modes.
机译:汽车通勤对碳排放做出了重要贡献,但已被证明顽固地抵制了模式转换政策举措。在本文中,我们使用社会实践的理论来深入了解为何这种顽固性可能存在,以及哪些因素可能有助于加速向公交和自行车通勤的过渡。通过分析有关两个英国城市日常出行的定性数据,我们研究了公交和自行车通勤实践中构成要素的可用性对于发生方式转变至关重要,但通常并不存在。我们还提请注意时空突发事件,这种情况或多或少使招募低碳通勤实践的可能性增加,包括通勤如何与其他社会实践进行排序,以及这些实践的地点如何与公交的收费和空间基础设施相互作用-和周期上下班。这些见解使我们认为,以选择和土地利用规划为重点的旨在发起模式转变的政策倡议需要与旨在重塑流动性和非流动性实践的倡议共存于综合政策配置中。这意味着要解决由于缺乏构成公交和自行车通勤的要素而造成的结构性障碍,并干预一系列社会实践的时间和空间,以减少通勤具有时空分布的趋势不利于总线和循环模式使用的特性。

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