The scope of this thesis is focused on how kindergarten children on the basis of observation and performing simple experiments are able to acquire and reconstruct some basic scientific concepts e.g. gas and air. Through observing children’s performance and comments on the results of experiments it was possible to infer howchildren achieve the objectives of the individual units, mainly related to the above two concepts. The data were collected using the descriptive method of educational research, analyzed and presented descriptively and graphically. The majority of children assimilated and reconstructed the concepts in accordance with their cognitive development, i.e. they identified the mentioned concepts, but were not able to differentiate them entirely. Based on the results of the research it can be claimed that the method of conducting simple experiments and observing the outcomes helped change alternative concepts and began a reconstruction of naive notions toward scientific conceptualization.
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