Risk-Based Adaptation Frameworks for Climate Change Planning in the Transportation Sector: A Synthesis of Practice.

摘要

The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has stated that the warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as is now evident from observed increases in global average air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice and rising global average sea level. In the coming decades, it is expected that these changes will result in regional climate impacts, including, but not limited to, permafrost thawing, increased tropical cyclone intensity, shifting tropical storm tracks, and an increase in the frequency of heat waves and heavy precipitation. As a result of these findings, concern is growing both in the United States and abroad (47) that these changes will have serious adverse impacts on transportation and civil infrastructure systems unless agencies take proactive steps to mitigate these issues.