Time-Course and Sensitivity of Muconic Acid as a Biomarker for Human Environmental Exposure to Benzene.

摘要

Preliminary results are presented that show the effect of increased benzene exposure on the urinary elimination of trans,trans-muconic acid (MA) for an adult male. The results were generated from a controlled exposure experiment whereby an individual was exposed to benzene during a shower with gasoline-contaminated ground water. Based on measured air and water concentrations, it is estimated that the 25 minute shower and drying-off exposure period resulted in an inhalation and dermal absorbed dose of 122 micrograms and 19 micrograms, respectively, yielding an average dose rate of 334 micrograms/h during the shower period. The measured background dose rate of 1.2 micrograms/h was exceeded by a factor of 278 during the shower exposure. The average urinary MA elimination rate increased from 3.7 micrograms/h during the 30 h period before the exposure to 17.9 micrograms/h during the 22 h period after the exposure. The post-exposure profile of muconic acid elimination (micrograms/h) was characterized by two minor peaks (47 and 35 micrograms/h) occurring within 3 h and a major peak (61 micrograms/h) at approximately 11 h.