Communications on Hydraulic and Geotechnical Engineering: Turbulent Free-SurfaceFlow over a Sill

摘要

In civil engineering practice, flows in seas, estuaries, harbours and rivers areusually predicted by making use of hydraulic scale models or numerical models. The prediction of the effects of the Dutch Delta plan is one of the most important applications of these models in the Netherlands. After the catastrophic flood disaster in 1953 the Delta plan was made to protect the Rhine-Meuse-Scheldt delta for future disasters. According to the plan all estuaries of the delta had to be closed, except the approaches to the harbors of Rotterdam and Antwerp. In the beginning of the implementation of the Delta plan the influences of these closures on the flow and water levels in the delta were examined with hydraulic scale models. The approach taken in the present study to investigate and to model the effects of a sill in the flow is to evaluate the above-mentioned effects and to express modifications to the convection term, the pressure term and the bottom stress term in the shallow-water equations through multiplication factors. This is done both analytically (chapter 2) and numerically (chapter 3), with an empirical check (chapter 4).