Who Is Most Vulnerable to Macroeconomic Shocks. Hypotheses Tests Using Panel Datafrom Peru

摘要

This paper attempts to answer the question: Who is most vulnerable to declines inwelfare during a macroeconomic shock. After clarifying the difference between poverty and vulnerability, an analytical framework is presented and then applied to household panel data from Peru. Major findings are: (1) households with better educated heads are less vulnerable; (2) female headed households are not more vulnerable to declines than male headed households; (3) households with more children are more vulnerable to macroeconomic shocks; and (4) transfer networks that may assist the poor in relatively stable periods do not appear to protect them during a major shock, with the exception of transfers that originate from outside Peru. (Copyright (c) 1995 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank.)