Integrated Interpretation of Heterogeneous Shaly Sand Gas Reservoirs. AnnualReport, November 1, 1993-October 31, 1994

摘要

Traveltimes of seismic events propagating in heterogeneous media depend on thegeologic scale, the seismic wavelength, and the propagation distance. Scale effects must be included with other viscoelastic mechanisms of dispersions when comparing measurements made at different frequencies. Laboratory measurements of porosity, permeability, and acoustic velocity on Ottawa sand are strongly affected by particle size and sorting, which can be understood in terms of a sand-clay mixture model. This provides a powerful strategy for approaching the problem of relating seismic and logging information on depositional facies to permeability and porosity. The authors have developed simple and effective indicators for discriminating the different fluid mechanisms causing wave attenuation and velocity dispersion. Seismic velocity dispersion in saturated rocks appears to be dominated by the Biot, and the local flow or squirt