Journal of the Fisheries Society of Taiwan, Vol 41, No. 4, December 2014.

摘要

Five fish meal basal diets supplied with o (control), 0.5, 1, 2.2, and 5 g/kg of choline chloride, with choline levels of 2.7, 3.2, 4.31, 5.22, and .43 g/kg, respectively, were fed to orange-spotted grouper. Epinephelus coloides. for 56 d to evaluate growth, acute ammonia-N tolerance, and physiological stress parameters. Fish fed different levels of choline-containing diets for 56 d had no significant different in growth performance, survival, and feed efficienc. Fish fed cholind-supplemented diets, however, had improved reactions to ammonia-N stress, including survival and behavioral responses, especially in the 4.31 and 5.22 g/kg grourps.