Evaluating Bench-Scale Nanofiltration Studies for Predicting Full-ScalePerformance

摘要

The information Collection Rule (ICR) requires water utilities of a certain sizeand water quality to conduct bench or pilot testing of either granular activated carbon or membranes for the control of disinfection byproduct (DBP) precursors. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of bench-scale nanofiltration studies for predicting pilot-, or full-scale, membrane performance. Bench-scale flux, flux decline, and rejection data are compared to pilot-scale results. The comparisons show that the bench-scale experiment can predict the percentage flux decline (cleaning frequency) and the rejections seen in the pilot-scale system. However, the bench-scale studies were not able to predict the long-term flux characteristics seen in the pilot-scale study.