Review of Mathematics, Numerical Factors, and Corrections for Dark MatterExperiments Based on Elastic Nuclear Recoil

摘要

We present a systematic derivation and discussion of the practical formulaeneeded to design and interpret direct searches for nuclear recoil events caused by hypothetical weakly interacting dark matter particles. Modifications to the differential energy spectrum arise from the Earth's motion, recoil detection efficiency, instrumental resolution and threshold, multiple target elements spin-dependent and coherent factors, and nuclear form factor. We discuss the normalization and presentation of results to allow comparison between different target elements and with theoretical predictions.