Collision Risk Related to the Usage of Parallel Runways for Landing

摘要

Due to spece limitations at most airports an increased airport capacity can often211u001eonly be accomplished by using existing parallel runways more effectively or by 211u001ebuilding additional parallel runways. This study focuses on the collision risk 211u001erelated to independent parallel approaches and the minimum required parallel 211u001erunway spacing for which the collision risk may be judged acceptable. The 211u001esuitability of several risk measures and methods for Target Level of Safety (TLS) 211u001eassessment is studied. Application of two methods provide a TLS-area, defining a 211u001erange from which the TLS may be chosen by policy makers. A risk model is 211u001edeveloped for determination of the collision risk between aircraft conducting 211u001eindependent parallel approaches under Instrument Meteorological Conditions (IMC), 211u001ethereby using Instrument Landing System (ILS) procedures. Numerical evaluations 211u001eshow that the collision probability between two aircraft can be considerable 211u001eunder various operational conditions, especially near turn on to the localizer 211u001eand during a dual missed approach. For trying to maintain the collision risk at a 211u001elow and acceptable level, three risk reducing measures are identified. Provided 211u001ethat these measures are applied and assuming that a TLS from the specified TLS-211u001earea is used, independent parallel approaches may be judged adequately safe if 211u001ethe runway spacing is greater than 1270 m, and unsafe if the spacing is lower 211u001ethan 930 m.