Demonstration of the Environmental and Demand-Side Management Benefits of Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Power Systems, 1994-1997

摘要

The report gives results of an investigation into the pollutant emissionreduction and demand-side management potential of 13 photovoltaic (PV) systems that began operation between June 1994 and July 1996 in various locations in the U.S. The report documents the project and gives results of analyses of each system's ability to offset emissions of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and carbon dioxide, and to provide power during peak load hours for the host building and the participating utilities. The analyses indicate a broad range in emission offsets resulting from PV system operation due to variation in the solar resource available to each system and variation in the marginal emission rates of the participating utilities. Each system's ability to provide power during peak load periods is investigated using gross and net (of PV generation) load during curves. Differences between these curves provide insight into each PV system's ability to reduce the highest loads experienced by the host building or utility. One set of such curves is presented for each system and for each month of a 12-month performance monitoring period.